SKU: 1064417696

Oligarchic Cartelization In Post-Suharto Indonesia

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Description

Oligarchic Cartelization In Post-Suharto IndonesiaAs detailed in Oligarchic Cartelization in Post Suharto Indonesia, a few ruling individuals from party organizations overpowered Indonesias post authoritarian, representative democracy. The legislative process of the 2017 Election Act was the case study employed to examine this assumption. The underlying thinking was that there was a contest between wealth power (oligarchy) and participation power (democracy). The power of wealth controls the party

As detailed in Oligarchic Cartelization in Post-Suharto Indonesia, a few ruling individuals from party organizations overpowered Indonesia’s post-authoritarian, representative democracy. The legislative process of the 2017 Election Act was the case study employed to examine this assumption. The underlying thinking was that there was a contest between “wealth power” (oligarchy) and “participation power” (democracy). The power of wealth controls the party and government institutions. Notwithstanding the presence of participation power, there was, however, no balance between wealth power and participation power, because the formal control of politics was in the hands of party oligarchs. This study is purposed to bridge the gap in knowledge by exploring how the party oligarchs maintain the policymaking, reputedly using cartelized strategies, to defend the status quo. By employing the oligarchy and cartelization concepts, the central question of this inquiry focused on how the party oligarchs mastered the policy process in post-Suharto Indonesia. Qualitative findings indicated that the party oligarchs engineered the legal process in parliament applying cartelized strategies to defend privileges they obtained from collusive interpenetrations with the state. Understanding the “oligarchic cartelization” theoretical postulate is a fundamental step for party members to improve their performance in public offices. The results of this study can also be a useful reference for pro-democracy activists to defend the ontological essence of public participation in implementing representative democracy at an appropriate level. 

About the Author

Boni Hargens is a political analyst currently living in Indonesia. He is familiar in his country since he has been for years attending talk shows on television and writing columns on mainstream newspapers in his country. His concern is on the oligarchy and cartel party theories. He attended many lectures at Humboldt University in Germany for many years before completing his doctoral degree at Walden University in the United States.

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SKU: 1064417696

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Matt S.
Birmingham, US
★★★★★ 5
Long lasting
Flavor Name: Bacon, Size: Medium
Great dog toy, long lasting
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Reviewed in the United States on May 11, 2026
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Marie Phillips
Pawtucket, US
★★★★★ 4
Tough Chewer Approved but Not a Forever Toy
Flavor Name: Original, Size: X-Large
I do like this toy for what it is meant to do. It is definitely built for strong chewers and holds up way better than softer toys that get destroyed in minutes. The texture keeps dogs interested and gives them something to really work on, which helps with boredom and can support dental cleaning through chewing. It is one of those “finally something that lasts a bit” kind of toys for heavy chewers. That said, it is not something you just toss in and forget about forever. Like most hard nylon toys, it will wear down over time and should be checked regularly for rough edges or changes in shape. Some dogs will also go through it faster depending on how intense their chewing style is, so replacement will eventually be needed. Girl, this is one of those “it survives the chaos better than most, but you still need to keep an eye on it” situations.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 4, 2026
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Bozeman, US
★★★★★ 5
The Remote Worker's Savior
Flavor Name: Bacon, Size: Medium
If you're like me, trying to balance deadlines and Zoom meetings while your furry co-worker incessantly nudges you for attention, then listen up because I've found the ultimate secret weapon: the Nylabone Chew Dog Toy. Trust me, it's a game-changer that will keep your dog busy and your productivity soaring. Picture this: you're knee-deep in spreadsheets, buried in emails, and your dog is bouncing around like a furry tornado, demanding playtime. Enter the Nylabone Power Chew, the superhero of dog toys that saves the day. Its durability is off the charts, my friends. It can withstand a full day of canine chewing fury, leaving your furniture unscathed and your dog blissfully entertained. But here's where the magic happens. This toy isn't just tough; it's also infused with a bacon flavor that sends your dog's taste buds into a frenzy. It's like having a bacon-scented office right in your home! As your dog sinks their teeth into this baconlicious wonder, their focus shifts from your keyboard to their newfound chewy delight. Suddenly, the tug-of-war with your important documents becomes a distant memory. Now, let's talk about the beauty of this toy's distraction power. With the Nylabone Power Chew in play, your dog becomes engrossed in their chewy mission. They're occupied, happily gnawing away, while you conquer your work tasks like a true champion. It's like having a personal assistant who doesn't interrupt you every five minutes with a squeaky toy demand. But don't be fooled by its functionality; the Nylabone Power Chew brings more than just peace and quiet. It brings laughter and joy to your work-from-home routine. Watching your pup go to town on this bacon-infused wonder is like having a built-in comedy show right in your home office. It's the perfect stress relief during those never-ending conference calls. And let's not forget the Nylabone brand's commitment to quality. This chew toy is built to last, crafted with non-toxic materials that keep your beloved furry friend safe and sound. It's like having a reliable coworker who never lets you down. So, my fellow remote workers, if you're desperate for a productivity boost and a furry coworker who won't pester you all day long, the Nylabone Chew Dog Toy is your secret weapon. It's a dog toy miracle that keeps your pup happily occupied while you conquer the work world. Say goodbye to interruptions and hello to a harmonious work-from-home environment. Trust me, you'll wonder how you ever survived without it!
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Reviewed in the United States on May 25, 2023
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Hot Rod
Draper, US
★★★★★ 5
Clean teeth as well!!
Flavor Name: Bacon & Chicken, Size: Small
If your dog is a chewer or just bored, these bones are amazing. All of my dogs love and have loved Nylabones. I consider them a must to give your dog as an outlet to chew when bored or when in need of stimulation. Replace as necessary. I always have a pack on standby.
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Reviewed in the United States on March 31, 2026
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D. Kitchens
Alexandria, US
★★★★★ 3
Not for chewers
Flavor Name: Bacon & Chicken, Size: Small
My dog liked these okay. He was able to chew little pieces off though.
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Reviewed in the United States on March 29, 2026

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